A self-contained unit for teaching the transient eff ects of pipe surge and water hammer caused by sudden fl ow rate changes in pipes
Key Features
• Works with TecQuipment’s Digital Hydraulic Bench (H1F)* for easy installation
• Multiple pipes and valves give two diff erent experiments in one product
• Two pressure sensors in the water hammer test pipe to help calculate velocity of sound in pipes
• Transparent surge tower so students can see what is happening
• Works with TecQuipment’s VDAS® (mkII) for realtime display of the pressure surges and acoustic waves
Learning Outcomes
Investigations into the transient eff ects of pipe surge and water hammer caused by changing fl ow rates in pipes including:
• Demonstration and analysis of pipe surge
• Demonstration and analysis of water hammer
• Determination of frictional head loss between reservoir and surge tower
• Determination of pressure profi les
• Determination of velocity of sound in the test pipe Key Specifications
• Two diff erent experiments in one product
• Three pressure sensors
Description
TecQuipment’s Pipe Surge and Water Hammer apparatus shows the transient eff ects of pipe surge and water hammer caused by sudden fl ow rate changes in pipes.
The apparatus has two separate test pipes: one for pipe surge investigations and one for water hammer investigations. A header tank (reservoir of water) supplies both test pipes. This tank includes an internal fl oat valve and an overfl ow for good engineering practice. A Digital Hydraulic Bench (H1F, available separately)* supplies the header tank with a controlled fl ow of water via an inlet valve. The outlets from the test pipes fl ow back into the hydraulic bench.
The test pipe for surge investigations includes a clear plastic surge tower connected near its downstream end, and a control valve. A pressure transducer in the base of the surge tower connects to TecQuipment’s optional VDAS®.
For surge investigations, students adjust valves to create a steady fl ow from the header tank through the surge pipe. This fl ow creates a measurable head loss (due to friction) along the surge pipe from the header tank to the surge tower. To create the surge, students quickly shut the surge valve downstream of the surge pipe. VDAS® displays and records the pressure surge in the surge tower. Students also examine the maximum surge height, and use VDAS® to measure the time from valve closure to maximum surge. They then repeat the experiment for diff erent fl ows and therefore diff erent values of head loss.
TecQuipment’s VDAS® (mkII) also allows students to study the surge decay waveform and compare it with a viscous damping model.
The test pipe for water hammer experiments has a special quick-closing valve at its downstream end. This pipe has two pressure transducers which connect to TecQuipment’s optional VDAS®.
For water hammer investigations, students adjust valves to create a steady fl ow from the header tank through the pipe. To create the water hammer eff ect, students shut the quick-closing valve. VDAS® displays and records the passage of the acoustic wave as it passes back along the water hammer test pipe, past each of the pressure transducers.
Essential Base Unit
• Digital Hydraulic Bench (H1F)* *This product will also work with an existing TecQuipment Volumetric Hydraulic Bench (H1D)
Essential Ancillary
• Versatile Data Acquisition System (VDAS-B mkII) (benchtop version)
Note: This equipment needs VDAS® (mkII) and will not work with earlier versions of VDAS®. If unsure, contact TecQuipment or your local agent.
